rock emulsion explosive

In this paper, No. 2 rock emulsion explosive was chosen for field blasting, and its explosive specifications and physical parameters are given in Table 3. Depending on the explosive type and charge construction of the blasthole, the equivalent blasting load time-history curves are shown in Fig. 7. The peak pressure of the single-hole charges ...

The No. 2 rock emulsion explosive is used for the on-site blasting, the density of the explosive is 1.24 g/cm 3, the detonation speed is D = 4200 m/s, the diameter of the blast hole is 42 mm, and ...

The rock–explosive interaction behaviour influences the blasting outputs in terms of breakage, fragmentation and induced hazards. ... The explosives such as emulsion and slurry, having higher VOD, produce more shock waves upon detonation than explosives with lesser VOD (He and Yang 2019; Brinkmann 1990).

Bulk Explosives. Today 95% of all explosives consumed are delivered in bulk form. At large scale mines and quarries, specially designed trucks combine the ingredients and pump or auger them into the borehole. Bulk explosives range from simple ANFO (ammonium nitrate + fuel oil) to straight emulsions and include a wide variety of …

Proposing a numerical simulation method for SC-CO 2 directional fracturing based on equivalence to No.2 rock emulsion explosive, we use the SPH particle algorithm to enhance visualization of the rock-breaking area. Our findings show that the explosive method yields a larger rock-breaking volume than SC-CO 2. Under identical explosive …

It is worth noting that water gels, slurries, and emulsion products can be formulated to produce either (1) cap-sensitive HE's—by adding sufficient amounts of HE sensitizers—or (2) BA's—by ... guideline when selecting explosives for rock blasting. Fume Class Fume class is a measure of the amount of toxic gases, primarily CO and NO x ...

Using explosives to break rock. Blasthole. A hole drilled into a rock to be filled with explosives for blasting. ... Emulsion Explosives. An emulsion is a physical mixture of …

The simplest way to test for this is to take a small amount of emulsion and rub it between your fingers, if the emulsion feels gritty than it has begun to crystalize and should not be used for blasting. A proper …

The critical distance for No. 2 rock emulsion explosive under blasthole constraints was successfully measured to be approximately 1.0–1.1 m. Based on the critical distance, a new charging structure was designed for tunnel excavation. To assess the influence of the new charging structure on blasting performance, its economic benefits, and its ...

This review explores the rheology of emulsion explosive, especially the emulsion explosive matrix, through summarizing its flow, yield stress, viscoelasticity …

Coefficient of a Rock Emulsion Explosive FAN Jun-yuFANG QinZHANG Ya-dongCHEN Li (51021001、50778175)； ...

@article{osti_398344, title = {Observation of the shock resistance of emulsion explosives in rock blasting}, author = {Liu, Q and Tidman, P and Tunaley, D and Mullay, J}, abstractNote = {Laboratory studies have indicated that the crystallization and desensitization of microballoon sensitized emulsion explosives start immediately after …

Nelson Brothers PowerNel™ emulsion products are powerful, reliable, safe, and industry leaders in performance. PowerNel™ emulsions are high quality and optimized for individual blasting applications.Nelson Brothers explosives emulsions are designed to provide the maximum performance in every rock type and in any condition.

This review explores the stability of emulsion explosive, through summarizing its instability reason, stability mechanism, affecting factors, improvement …

1. Introduction. Emulsion explosives (EE) are one of the most recently developed classes of energetic materials [1–5] and can be perceived as a step forward from the traditional energetic materials based on ammonium nitrate (AN), such as amatols, ammonals and ANFO (ammonium nitrate-fuel oil).

Description. Emex® 70 is a high energy packaged emulsion explosive cartridge, designed for typical hard rock development, tunneling or very tough stoping conditions. The emulsion is robust and sensitisation with microspheres ensures excellent shelf-life and reliability of detonation. It is a firm, water resistant cartridge which has a ...

Emulsion explosives (EE) are one of the most recently developed classes of energetic materials [1,2,3,4,5] and can be perceived as a step forward from the traditional …

On the basis of the data on actual heat of explosion, loading density and rock mass condition, the optimal parameters are substantiated for drilling-and-blasting with Subtek emulsion explosive and ...

1. Introduction. Emulsion explosives (EEs) are a fairly recently developed and constantly evolving class of energetic materials [1,2,3] that feature high safety parameters and excellent performance benchmarks, comparable in some cases to the performance of dynamites.EEs are obtained by sensitizing an EE matrix—a water-in-oil …

Traditional industrial explosives (TNT, emulsion explosives, etc.) rock-breaking technology has been applied earlier and has more experience in engineering applications, so it has been relatively mature in theoretical, experimental, and numerical simulation studies (Bhandari, 1997; Persson et al., 1993; Zhu et al., 2023).However, the …

Equation shows that, when an air deck exists, the wavefront pressure of the reflected shock formed by the blasting shock wave reaching the rock surface at the blasthole bottom is significantly enhanced, and the rock is broken by strong compression.When the air deck charge is used, it is assumed that, after the explosive …

The measured data from a 1-kg rock emulsion explosive sphere was shown in Fig. 4. As compared in Fig. 4, the peak reflected overpressure and wave arrival time on the three gauges decrease from P3 to P1, with the increase of scaled distance. The normal reflected peak overpressure of 1-kg rock emulsion explosive on gauge P3 is …

This leads to an uneven explosive distribution along the blasthole and results in poor blasting effects at the blasthole orifice. Therefore, the …

of blasting operations. Emulsion explosives, frequently referred to as "the latest genera-tion explosives", are a prime example of this trend, even though they were invented more than 50 years ago [1]. According to the data provided by the Federation of Explo-sives Manufacturers, the share of bulk emulsion explosives in the total usage of emul-

Aluminum powders with contents of 2%-14% were added into the formulation when the temperature of emulsion explosive is about 70°C. Electrical measurement was used to get the detonation velocity ...

Porphyritic, medium to coarse grained granite. The rock mass is fairly homogenous, massive and mostly sparsely fractured: Four rounds were excavated in the facility with the purpose to study the extension of the EDZ by means of geophysics and fracture mapping. Two of the rounds were excavated with emulsion explosives.

The unification of the two results was verified by comparing the experimental results with the numerical simulation results. The following were the main parameters in this experiment: the type of explosive was No. 2 rock emulsion explosive, the charge amount was 200 g, and the hole depth was 0.5 m. There were three groups in this experiment.

In this paper, No. 2 rock emulsion explosive was chosen for field blasting, and its explosive specifications and physical parameters are given in Table 3. …

Proper product selection with bulk explosives is the first priority and should include a detailed look into geology, rock type, water, energy partitioning, design parameters (fragmentation, profile of muck), carbon footprint and fumes. ... TITAN ® 1000∆E Gassed Emulsion Explosive - DIFFERENTIAL ENERGY Technology .

Many develop a low-shock energy ammonium nitrate-based researchers have indicated the extensive use and advan product to easily fragment weak overburden materials. tages of …

Dr. Calvin Konya is the president of Precision Blasting Services, and Anthony Konya is a project engineer for the company. They can be reached at 440-823-2263, or Anthony@idc-pbs. Features …

Abstract. To overcome the difficulty of field experiment of explosive compaction (EC) technology for strengthening embankment of existing highway and to verify the reliability of numerical ...