extracting scandium process

Bauxite residue, known as "red mud," is a potential raw material for extracting rare-earth elements (REEs). The main REEs (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Nd, Nb, and Sm) from the raw bauxite are concentrated in RM after the Bayer leaching process. The earlier worldwide studies were focused on the scandium (Sc) extraction from RM by …

Abstract. The technologies of solvent extraction, ion exchange, and liquid membrane for the separation and purification of scandium are reviewed. Acidic and …

The experimental results showed that the best condition for extracting scandium by D2EHPA from the solution produced by re-leaching of the scandium-bearing precipitate (obtained from the stage-2 of iron and aluminium precipitation) was obtained at an extractant concentration of 5% (v/v), O/A phase ratio of 1/1, initial pH of the aqueous ...

In the process of alumina production, more than 98% of scandium oxide in bauxite will enter the red mud, and the content of scandium oxide in some red mud can reach up to 0.02% (Wang et al. …

The leaching experiment carried out at this optimum condition resulted in scandium extraction of 90.97% and co-extracted iron and aluminium of 32.44% and 75.23%, respectively.

A process patented by Baptiste (1959) describes scandium extraction by fractionation sublimation in chloride medium, to obtain ScCl 3. The process consists …

The traditional process for extraction of scandium from bauxite residue is direct acid leaching, followed by solvent extraction or ion exchange adsorption (Liu et al., 2019, Borra et al., 2015, Zhang et al., 2016, Roosen et al., 2016). But a lot of other elements, such as Fe, Si, Al, Ti, etc., can be leached along with scandium during acid ...

The recovery of scandium (Sc) from wastes and various resources using solvent extraction (SX) was discussed in detail. Moreover, the metallurgical extractive procedures for Sc recovery were presented. …

The process consists of two solvent extraction circuits, viz. the removal of zirconium from the starting scandium oxide (purity about 99%) from a 6 M HClO4 solution of scandium with tributyl ...

With growing demand for renewable and clean energy technologies, the need in rare earth metals is increasing. Scandium, which is often considered a rare earth element (REE), is a critical metal mainly used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and high strength aluminum alloys used in aerospace and 3D applications. Furthermore, scandium supply is …

Extraction and stripping properties of Sc3+ were investigated by using a mixed extractant of Versatic Acid 10 (VA10) and Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP). The effect of adding TBP to VA10 was considered by analyzing the binding state of VA10 and TBP by FT-IR. Solvent extraction of scandium from an aqueous solution of Sc3+–Ti4+–Zr4+, …

The extraction chemistry of scandium, including thermodynamics and kinetics, is the basis for the development of scandium extraction and separation …

With increasing solution concentration, the extraction of Sc increases, indicating a solvating extraction mechanism. Scandium can also be extracted from low-acidic solutions using neutral OPC extractants. For example, scandium extraction was …

A novel process of roasting and leaching was proposed to extract scandium from scandium concentrate with titanium dioxide wastewater. Scandium concentrate …

The scandium concentrate was generated from titanium white waste acid by extraction in a factory. The effects of the acidity, salting-out agent, extraction time, A/O ratio, initial cationic concentration, and reusability of TRPO on Sc extraction were studied. The extraction mechanism was also analyzed by FT-IR and slope analysis method.

An innovative process for extracting scandium from nickeliferous laterite ore: Carbothermic reduction followed by NaOH cracking. Hydrometallurgy, Volume 191, 2020, Article 105194. Jihye Kim, Gisele Azimi. Study of adsorption behavior of a new synthesized resin containing glycol amic acid group for separation of scandium from …

Activated carbon (AC) was modified by tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) for selectively extracting scandium from red mud and characterized by BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area. The modified AC had a preferential adsorption to scandium. The influences of adsorbent dosage, adsorption temperature, and time on adsorption …

Rio Tinto develops method of extracting scandium from waste. Rio Tinto says that scientists at the company's technology centre in Sorel-Tracy, Quebec, Canada, have found a way to extract and purify scandium — a rare and useful metallic element — from titanium dioxide production waste. The United States, Canada, Australia and the …

The scandium in the ltrate after the recovery of titanium can be nely extracted with P507, and 99.79% scandium can be extracted by single-stage extraction under the P507 concentration of 15%, the phase ratio (O/A) of 1:13, and extraction time of 6 min. In addition, the process of extracting scandium with P507 is an exother-

In this study, a roasting-hydrolysis-acid leaching process is used to extract scandium from the scandium rough concentrate. The scandium rough concentrate containing Sc2O3 of 76.98 g/t was obtained by magnetic separation, gravity separation, and electric separation from Sc-bearing Vi-Ti magnetite tailings in the Panxi area of China. …

With the advancement of technology and a global shift towards clean energy, the need for rare earth metals is increasing. Scandium, a rare earth metal, has been extensively used over the decades in solid oxide fuel cells and aluminum–scandium alloys that have a vast, evolving market in aerospace, automobiles and 3D . …

The process consists of the following steps: scandium concentrating by classification or neutralization, selective scandium leaching, impurity removal by neutralization, solvent extraction of scandium by using D2EHPA, purification, and roasting. We optimized the above steps to achieve an effective process to obtain …

Currently, to avoid third phase generation in the solvent extraction process, the synergistic solvent extraction system has been widely used for Sc recovery. Wang et al. ... Scandium solvent extraction with 10% P204–5% TBP- 85% sulfonated kerosene was performed on the clarified Sc leach liquor. The effects of the A/O ratio, temperature, and ...

Scandium is present in titanium dioxide feedstock (ilmenite, titania slags, etc.) and usually reports to process solutions and effluents either at the feedstock producer site or at the end user site (TiO2 pigment or Ti metal plant). In this paper, we report on the refining of scandium from such solutions by solvent extraction.

This study investigated the high-pressure acid leaching behavior of scandium (Sc) together with nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) from a refractory nickel laterite ore. During this study, basic process parameters (acid load, temperature, duration, and particle size) were tested and optimum process conditions were determined.

Zhu et al. (2020a Zhu et al. (, 2020b proposed a novel acid leaching-solvent X. Pan et al. extraction process to recover scandium from RM, and the extraction efficiency in HCl solution is >98 % ...

Extraction Techniques: Navigating the Complexities. Extracting scandium from its natural sources is a complex process due to its low abundance and the need for precision in separating it from other elements. Over the years, various extraction techniques have been developed, each with its advantages and challenges. 1. Hydrometallurgical Processes:

An Innovative Process for Extracting Scandium from Nickeliferous Laterite Ore. Conference paper. First Online: 21 January 2020. pp 129–137. Cite this conference …

The process consists of the following steps: scandium concentrating by classification or neutralization, selective scandium leaching, impurity removal by …

Parker Centre/CSIRO Process Science and Engineering/CSIRO Minerals Down Under National Research Flagship, 7 Conlon Street, Waterford, WA 6152, Australia.===Search for more papers by this author. ... Mixed extractants or synergistic systems for the solvent extraction of scandium have been developed. Extraction …

The recovery of scandium (Sc) from wastes and various resources using solvent extraction (SX) was discussed in detail. Moreover, the metallurgical extractive procedures for Sc recovery were presented. ... Different operational parameters play an important role in the extraction process, such as the type of the aqueous phase and its …