powder factor in blasting lime stone mining india
Optimized design of drilling and blasting operations in open …
1. Introduction. Mining activity is mostly represented by these four main operations: drilling, blasting, loading and hauling. For a proper mine planning and design, all of these operations need to be carefully planned in such a manner that can prevent extra loads such as operating costs, environmental footprints, etc. Amongst these operations, …
Modern Technological Applications for Limestone Mining
An alternative to the conventional drill and blast method is the use of rippers. Rippers can be used for limestone mining as limestone is a 'rippable' sedimentary rock (refer to Sect. 3.1.1) Using rippers in small mines or for a group consisting of more than one mine is economical and productive.
RESEARCH ARTICLES Impact of blast design parameters …
Variations were produced in key blast design parameters namely burden, spacing and stemming which in turn af-fected other indirect parameters like bench stiffness ratio and powder factor. Due attention was paid to the fact while varying one factor, the other two factors were kept constant. For the first ten blasts, bench height, spacing
Investigation of Some Blast Design and Evaluation …
The total quantity of explosive actually loaded in the blast round should also be registered meticulously in order to express the powder factor in terms of kg/ton of limestone broken from the blast rounds. 3.2 Boulder count Total number of separated boulders, which could not be loaded by the loaders/excavators can be counted at the face.
DETERMINATION OF BENCH BLAST DESIGN …
bottom charge, powder Factor for limestone quarry at Al Ain El Sukhna – west of Gulf of Suez according to field trial tests. 1. Introduction In surface mining drilling and blasting are the major unit operations and have a big effect on the materials fragmentation, safety and total production cost. Drilling and blasting cost in any
Blasting mechanics: Material properties and powder …
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7 Rules of Thumb for Open Bit Blast PatternWEBThe powder factor is a relationship between how much rock is broken and how much explosive is used to break it. It serves as an essential index to assess …
Environmental Hazards of Limestone Mining and Adaptive …
Limestone is a naturally formed mineral, primarily composed of calcium carbonate (Oates 2008).It forms commonly in shallow, calm and warm marine waters, as found in the Caribbean Sea, the Indian Ocean, the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Mexico (King 2005).Another way of limestone that forms is through evaporation, with this type of …
Prediction of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration at a …
in this study to estimate ground vibration caused by blasting in Shree Cement Ras Limestone Mine in India. To achieve that aim, 101 blasting datasets with …
Development of a new empirical fragmentation model using …
Rock fragmentation as one of the most important blasting results plays an indispensable role in subsequent stages such as secondary breakage, loading, hauling, crushing and grinding, and relevant energy consumption. Since several rock mass properties, blasthole parameters, and powder factor can affect the fragmentation …
Prediction of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration at a Limestone …
Thus, three artificial intelligence approaches, namely Gaussian process regression (GPR), extreme learning machine (ELM) and backpropagation neural network (BPNN) were used in this study to estimate ground vibration caused by blasting in Shree Cement Ras Limestone Mine in India. To achieve that aim, 101 blasting datasets with …
Demystifying Powder Factor: How Do You Calculate It?
Powder factor is a critical factor in mining and blasting operations for several reasons. Firstly, it directly affects the efficiency of the blasting process. By …
Quarry Slope Stability Assessment Methods with Blast …
The study findings show that increasing the explosive powder factor per blast round results in an uneven increase in ground vibration depending on the scaled distance. 4. Both kinematic analysis and SMR results revealed that Pit B was less stable, with an average powder factor of 0.87 kg/m 3 and an average blast induced ground …
Study of the Powder Factor in Surface Bench Blasting
Study of the Powder Factor in Surface Bench Blasting. December 2015. Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 15:892-899. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeps.2015.08.142. License. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Authors: Mohamed ...
Technical Note on The Prediction and Control of …
Based on observations from several case studies of construction blasting, Tripathy et al. (1999) have concluded that use of powder factor of 0.5 kg/m3 gives minimum ground vibration. It may be noted here that faulty drilling of blastholes could increase the powder factor in a blast and hence the flyrock.
RESEARCH ARTICLES Impact of blast design …
Stemming length of 0.91 times of burden generated the optimum fragmen-tation. Mean fragment size was most optimum at powder factor of 1.02 kg/cum. Keywords: Burden, …
Blasting and Explosives Quick Reference Guide 2010
Presplit blasting Spacing = Hole diameter x 12 Burden = 0.5 x production blast burden (B) Uncharged length at top = 10 x D Powder factor = 0.5kg per square metre of face Do not stem holes. Fire all holes on the same delay, or in groups of ≥ 5 holes Smooth Blasting Spacing = 15 x Hole diameter (hard rock) 20 x Hole diameter (soft rock)
Influence of Joint Orientation and Spacing on Induced Rock …
The result of the analysis has been further validated using the blasting results of different limestone deposits in Indian geo-mining condition. 2 Study Site Details For the purpose of field validation of the simulated result, trial blasts were conducted in three different limestone mines of India.
The Influential Role of Powder Factor vs. Delay in Full-Scale Blasting …
The powder factor is an influential blast design parameter and all fragmentation prediction formulae include ... (Fragblast 11), Sydney, Australia 24–26 August 2015. The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Carlton, Vic, Australia, pp 715–720 ... (2011) Automated online measurement of limestone particle size …
Frontiers | Rock fragmentation size distribution control in blasting…
Considering the geological conditions and rock characteristics of the Changjiu Shenshan limestone mining area, a total of four sets of blasting tests were conducted in the 1# and 2# mining areas. Specifically, three sets of blasting tests were carried out in the 1# mining area, while one set of blasting test was conducted in the 2# …
POWDER FACTOR WITH SOLVED EXAMPLES
The unit of powder factor is tonne/kg. For solid blasting it lies in the range of 1.5 to 2.5 tonne/kg. For the cut blasting it lies in the range of 4 to 5 tonne/kg. CLICK ME TO DOWNLOAD THE SHORT …
Engineering Geology Field Manual
Limestone 2.5 to 2.8 156 to 174.7 2,500 to 2,800 ... A higher powder factor seldom will correct this problem; it will merely cause the blocks to be displaced farther. Usually, the best way to al- ... blasting techniques require constant study of the geology to make every effort to advantageously use the geology, or
A Review on the Prediction and Assessment of Powder …
276 G. Agyei and M. O. Nkrumah 2.1. Empirical-BasedApproaches According to Ashby [10], the powder factor needed for an efficient blast can be determined
Blasting mechanics: Blasting design standards | #Site Title
2. u0007For hole firing instantaneously along a row, the KS should be equal to 2; 3. u0007For holes firing on a delay, the KS should be between 1.0 and 2.0 – and typically between 1.2 and 1.8. This is because the blasting is four-dimensional, as timing is a crucial part of the design.
(PDF) Rock fragmentation size distribution control in blasting…
In this study, based on the Changjiu Shenshan limestone aggregate mining project in China, large-scale blasting experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of rock properties and ...
Prediction of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration at a …
in this study to estimate ground vibration caused by blasting in Shree Cement Ras Limestone Mine in India. To achieve that aim, 101 blasting datasets with powder factor, average depth, distance, spacing, burden, charge weight, and stemming length as input parameters were collected from the mine site.
A Scientific Exploration of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration
The surge in energy consumption in India has more than doubled since 2000. Over 80% of India's energy needs are met by fuels such as coal, oil, and solid biomass, with coal remaining the dominant source to meet the increasing demand [].As a result of rapid industrialization and the growing energy requirements, new coal mining …
6.3.1: Bench Blasting | GEOG 000
Table 6.3.1: Rock Densities for Commonly Mined Minerals. If you are using an explosive, x, with a different bulk strength, the factor K B changes as follows: K Bx = K B * (B Sx) 1/2, and B Sx is the bulk strength of explosive X. The other two factors are constants: K S = 1 to 1.3; and K T =0.7.
Rock fragmentation by blasting
The rock fragmentation process in mining currently being practiced in India needs re-examination to improve the productivity of the mine. This is of immense importance that we should develop a better understanding of the explosive used and the rock mass to be blasted. The improved productivity cannot be achieved by following the …
Prediction of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration at a …
Thus, three artificial intelligence approaches, namely Gaussian process regression (GPR), extreme learning machine (ELM) and backpropagation neural …
Powder Factor Selection for Improved Rock …
AngloGold Ashanti Iduapriem Limited has been employing three different Powder Factors (PF 0.72, PF 0.88 and PF 0.96) in blasting. Sometimes, the blast product consists of …
Effect of Stemming to Burden Ratio and Powder Factor on Blast …
The main purpose of this study is to investigate effect of blast design parameters such as burden, blast hole length, stemming length, and powder factor on rock fragmentation. The fragment sizes (MFS, K50, m), and maximum fragment size (K95, m) of rock were determined by using the computer software.
Optimization of Blasting Operation in Opencast Mine
blast model, with simple methodologies which can be adapted by the mining industry to achieve better blasting results. 1.1 Objectives The goal of the investigation is to develop a result of optimum blast design through some parameters, as type of explosive, explosive quantity, blast pattern and fragmentation.
powder factor in blasting lime stone mining india
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A Review on the Prediction and Assessment of Powder Factor in Blast
mining. P owder factor can be defined as the quan-. tity of explosives (kg) required to break a unit v ol-. ume or tonne (t) of rock [ 2 ]. A number of fac-. tors influence blast results, which ...
Trench Blasting with DYNAMITE
Cubic yardage is calculated: Burden (ft) x Spacing (ft) x Hole Depth (ft) (not including subdrill) ÷ 27. Trench depths of 4' to 12': Trench depths of 12' to 20': Trench depths over 20': powder factor = 3.5 powder factor = 4.0 powder factor = 5.0 Notes: - Trench depth does not include subdrilling; hole depth does.
Powder Factor
Or you can distribute the weight between five people lifting 100 pounds each. Similarly, with a rock blast that you need a 1.0 powder factor with 1000 pounds of explosives for 1000 yd.³ of rock you could have one hole with 1000 pounds of explosives or you could have 10 holes distributed throughout the rod with 100 pounds of explosives.
A review on the prediction and assessment of …
This paper aims to review the various methods for powder factor estimation in both surface bench blasting and underground tunnel operations; to assess of the influence of intact rock properties on …