nickel sulfide refining smelting

Copper is produced in the U. S. primarily by pyrometallurgical smelting methods. Pyrometallurgical techniques use heat to separate copper from copper sulfide ore concentrates. Process steps include mining, concentration, roasting, smelting, converting, and finally fire and electrolytic refining.

Nickel / cobalt mixed sulfide with a 50 to 60% nickel grade produced in Coral Bay Nickel Corporation and Taganito HPAL Nickel Corporation, which are Sumitomo Metal Mining's subsidiaries, using the HPAL (High Pressure Acid Leach) process is used as raw material. ... Learn about the " Smelting & Refining Business" in pictures with description.

This nickel sulfide can be roasted and reduced to produce metallic nickel. To make ferronickel, the concentrate is smelted in an electric furnace at 1550–1650°C (2822–3002°F). During smelting, the reduced nickel and iron melt to form a ferronickel bath with 25–40% Ni. The gangue silicates form a molten slag. The ferronickel is tapped ...

nickel processing, preparation of the metal for use in various products. Although it is best known for its use in coinage, nickel (Ni) has become much more important for its many industrial applications, which owe their importance to a unique combination of properties. Nickel has a relatively high melting point of 1,453 °C (2,647 °F) and a ...

In flash smelting, dry sulfide ore containing less than 1% moisture is fed to the furnace along with preheated air, oxygen-enriched air (30–40% oxygen), or pure oxygen. Iron and sulfur are oxidized. The heat that results from exothermic reactions is adequate to smelt concentrate, producing a liquid matte (up to 45% nickel) and a fluid slag.

The conventional smelting and refining of Ni sulfide concentrates is an effective strategy for extracting Ni from sulfide ores. However, during the smelting process, sulfur is oxidized to sulfur dioxide (SO 2), which poses a significant environmental hazard.The present work investigates the feasibility of an alternative process to recover …

(1) Smelting. After drying and desulfurization, the copper–nickel sulfide concentrate is sent to the electric furnace (or blast furnace) for smelting, so that the oxide of copper and nickel is transformed into sulfide to produce low Ni-matte (copper–nickel matte). At the same time, gangues are formed slags and low Ni-matte is refining by ...

Currently, the main smelting processes of nickel sulfide ore involve flash smelting and pool smelting [19,20,21,22]. Spraying the deeply dehydrated powder concentrate from …

High-purity crystallized nickel and cobalt sulfates (and chlorides) are typically used in the battery industry as a starting point for cathode active material preparation. These nickel and cobalt sulfate crystals are dissolved to form a purified metal sulfate solution from which the cathode precursor manufacturing starts.

This article describes theestablished industrial processes for recovery of nickel originating from sulphidic sources. Details of smelting and refining practice are …

This handbook covers the concentrating, smelting and refining of nickel commencing from the delivery of ore to the processing facilities for crushing and milling, through smelting and to the production of +99% pure nickel at the refinery, for the nickel sulfide and nickel/cobalt laterite processes. It does not include extraction of ore, which ...

Indonesia's nickel strategy is part of the country's commodity-led development strategy. The country's general approach—sometimes referred to as "resource nationalism"—is guided by the 2009 Mineral and Coal Mining Law ( Law No. 4/2009 ). It is linked to Indonesia's constitution of 1945, Article 33, which states that land, waters ...

The extraction of nickel (Ni) from sulfide resources commences with flotation to produce a concentrate which is then smelted to produce a nickel-enriched …

the flotation-smelting-matte refining process for treatment of nickel sulfide ores is presented in Figure 1. There is great deal of variation in the standard flow sheet with respect to flotation practice (i.e. mineralogy, liberation size, reagents, etc.) and converter matte refining, however concentrate smelting is

Nickel: smelting; Extraction and purification; Nickel is recovered through extractive metallurgy: it is extracted from its ores by conventional roasting and reduction processes that yield a metal of greater than 75% purity. In many stainless steel applications, 75% pure nickel can be used without further purification, depending on the composition of the …

Details of smelting and refining practice are provided for the three largest nickel producers. For completeness, other extraction processes involving a mixed sulphide, pellets from the carbonyl process, nickel powders, and briquettes are noted in the compendium of nickel processing practice, which includes pyrometallurgical principles.

The conventional nickel smelting and refining is the dominant strategy for nickel production from the sulfide nickel ores. The main disadvantages are the …

Smelting happens to be one of the main steps in the extraction of metals from sulfide and oxide minerals by adopting the pyrometallurgical route. During smelting, constituents present in the charge in molten state separate into two immiscible liquid layers, namely, liquid matte or metal and liquid slag. The primary objective of matte smelting ...

Low‒nickel matte as the main intermediate product of nickel sulfide ore in traditional pyrometallurgical smelting, during this process, the valuable metals Ni, Cu, and Co have been enriched 6,7 ...

Raw nickel matte, composed of approximately 15% nickel and copper sulfides, metallic nickel, and metallic copper; 50% iron, and 25% sulfur, is processed to remove oxidized iron sulfide, leaving nickel matte that is approximately 50% nickel. Further refining by oxidation at high temperatures (780°C) and treatment with hot 12% sulfuric acid ...

Nickel Smelting and Refining. Industry Description and Practices. Primary nickel is produced from two very dif- ferent ores, lateritic and sulfidic. Lateritic ores are normally found in tropical climates where weath- ering, with time, extracts and deposits the ore in …

Nickel sulfide concentrates are critical materials for the production of metallic nickel. The disadvantages associated with the conventional nickel extraction process are the considerable amounts of sulfur dioxide emissions in the smelting process and the complex Ni refining steps to produce a marketable product. The authors …

Copper sulphide rich leach residue from nickel refining is a marketable product and may be treated by smelting. In looking for another refining technology for its valorisation, the raw material was characterised and suitability of medium-temperature sulphate-based pressure leaching was tested for this purpose.

The mined ores (1–4% Ni) are processed to upgrade the metal content with 10–20% Ni in the concentrates. Thus, the preconcentration of nickel ores is an important unit operation to upgrade the nickel before commencing any extraction steps. Ni is mined from sulfide ores, Nickel ferrolaterite and serpentine.

I have high sulfide ore from Colorado, I roasted my cons for 3hrs, I ran a magnet thru the cons, I mixed 40g of my ore with 120g of standard flux from Action Mining. Heated my oven to 1900 degrees, let it there for 30 minutes. Than poured it into a cone mold, out pops the lead button, I broke off the glass and put the lead in the Kepel at 1750 ...

Nickel matte with a 70 to 80 % nickel grade, procured from mine and smelter that we have a stake in or other suppliers, and nickel / cobalt mixed sulfide with a 60% nickel grade produced in Coral Bay Nickel Corporation and Taganito HPAL Nickel Corporation, which are Sumitomo Metal Mining's subsidiaries, using the HPAL (High Pressure Acid Leach) …

The extraction of nickel (Ni) from sulfide resources commences with flotation to produce a concentrate which is then smelted to produce a nickel-enriched …

Ferronickel grades of 5–25% nickel are commonly employed [ 3 ]. Nickel is predominantly mined from sulfide and laterite deposits, with the latter accounting for approximately 72% of global production [ 4 ]. While secondary sources of nickel such as lithium ion battery cathode recycling remain important [ 5 ], the majority of demand …

Details of smelting and refining practice are provided for the three largest nickel producers. For completeness, other extractionprocesses involving a mixed …

This handbook covers the concentrating, smelting and refining of nickel commencing from the delivery of ore to the processing facilities for crushing and milling, through smelting and to the production of +99% pure nickel at the refinery, for the nickel sulfide and nickel/cobalt laterite processes.

Currently, the main smelting processes of nickel sulfide ore involve flash smelting and pool smelting [19][20] [21] [22]. Spraying the deeply dehydrated powder concentrate from the top into the ...

The conventional smelting and refining of Ni sulfide concentrates is an effective strategy for extracting Ni from sulfide ores. However, during the smelting process, sulfur is oxidized to sulfur ...

Nickel sulphide smelting and electrorefining practice: A review. R. Moskalyk, A. Alfantazi. Published 1 January 2002. Materials Science, Engineering. Mineral …

Coupled with the mature smelting technologies, nickel sulfide ore is currently the most important source of mineral production in the nickel industry, ... There are other two routes in hydrometallurgical process for nickel extraction: (i) electrolysis refining/electrolysis (using soluble anode, crude nickel anode, and nickel sulfide …

The primary energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from nickel smelting products have been assessed through case studies using a process model based on mass and energy balance. The required primary energy for producing nickel metal, nickel oxide, ferronickel, and nickel pig iron is 174 GJ/t alloy (174 GJ/t contained …